What does an IP rating really mean for your device?
Understanding IP ratings clarifies what protection a device has against solids and liquids, how tests are conducted, and what to do if your device gets wet.
Many people mistakenly believe that an IP rating guarantees complete protection against all water and dust. However, it only describes specific conditions under which a device was tested. This piece will clarify what the two digits in an IP rating signify, how the tests are conducted, and the limitations of that protection.
What do the two digits represent?
An IP rating consists of two digits. The first digit indicates protection against solid objects, ranging from no protection to complete dust-tightness. The second digit measures water resistance, from no protection to immersion in water. An 'X' in place of a digit means that the device has not been tested for that specific level of protection.
- First digit ranges from 0 (no protection) to 6 (dust-tight).
- Second digit ranges from 0 (no protection) to 9 (high-pressure water).
- 'X' indicates untested protection for that category.
How is the water test performed?
The water resistance test is conducted in a laboratory using clean, still water. The device is submerged to a specific depth and pressure for a set duration, ensuring that the conditions are controlled. This testing is done on a brand-new unit to guarantee that wear and tear do not influence the results.
- Depth and pressure are standardised for consistency.
- Testing duration is fixed to measure performance accurately.
- Results may not reflect real-world conditions.
Why other types of water aren't covered?
Different water types, such as pool water, sea water, shower steam, and tap jets, introduce variables that can compromise a device's integrity. For instance, pool and sea water contain chemicals and salts that can corrode seals. Steam can penetrate seals more easily than still water, and high-pressure jets can exceed the conditions of the test, leading to potential damage.
- Chlorine and salt in pool and sea water can cause corrosion.
- Steam can enter through seals, bypassing protections.
- High-pressure jets may exceed the tested water resistance.
How seals degrade over time
The seals that provide water and dust protection are typically made from glue and rubber. Over time, exposure to heat and environmental factors can cause these materials to harden and lose their effectiveness. Therefore, the IP rating only reflects the device's condition at the time of manufacture, not its long-term durability.
- Heat can cause rubber and glue to degrade.
- Environmental exposure affects seal integrity.
- IP rating is not a guarantee for the device's lifespan.
What to do if your device gets wet
If a device gets wet, the first step is to turn it off immediately to prevent short-circuiting. Remove any cases or covers, and gently dry the exterior with a soft cloth. Avoid using rice, as it can introduce dust and particles into the device. Instead, place the device in a dry, ventilated area to allow moisture to evaporate naturally.
- Turn off the device to prevent electrical damage.
- Remove cases to allow airflow around the device.
- Let the device dry naturally in a ventilated space.
What to try, in order
- Turn off the device immediately to prevent damage.
- Remove any cases or covers to aid drying.
- Gently wipe the exterior with a soft cloth.
- Place the device in a dry, ventilated area.
- Wait for moisture to evaporate before turning it on.
What to take from this
What to take from this: An IP rating indicates specific protection levels under controlled conditions, but it does not guarantee long-term durability or protection against all water types. Avoid spending money on unproven drying methods like rice.
Common questions
What does IP67 mean?
IP67 means the device is dust-tight and can withstand immersion in water up to a specified depth for a limited time. It indicates strong protection against both solids and liquids.
Can I take my device into the shower?
Even if a device has a high IP rating, taking it into the shower may not be advisable. Steam and water pressure can exceed the conditions of the rating, potentially causing damage.
How can I prolong my device's IP rating?
To prolong your device's IP rating, avoid exposing it to extreme temperatures, chemicals, and physical impacts. Regularly inspect seals for wear and replace the device if necessary.
